Educational+History

**History of Seychelles** Until the mid-1800’s the Roman Catholic and the Anglican churches opened mission schools. The teachers were monks and nuns form abroad. In 1970, a technical college open a supply of locally trained teachers to work with the children, and many new schools were established. In 1981 a system of free education was in effect requiring attendance by all children in grades one through nine, beginning at age five. 90% of all children also attend nursery school at age four. The literacy rate for school-aged children has gone up to an astounding 90%. The adult rate was near 60%. But, now with the improved system the rate is climbing to a woping 80%. They stated teaching English in third grade, but before that they were taught in Creole. Then French was taught in the sixth grade. A grant from the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) of US$9.4 million was loaned from the African Development Bank in November 1991.Education is compulsory up to the age of 16. Free schooling is provided to the age of 18. The students have to pay for uniforms but not books or tuition. Students can attend a pre-university studies or other training at Seychelles Polytechinic.Since 1980, public education has been free and compulsory for the ten-year period of primary schooling for children between the ages of 6 and 16. Six years of primary education are followed by five years of secondary education. In 1996, there were 26 primary schools with 577 teachers and 9,886 students. In secondary schools, there were 689 teachers and 9,099 students in the same year.


 * James Michel **

The president of Seychelles, James Michel, was a teacher for two years. He passed the secondary schooling. He promoted the development of a modern telecommunications system in Seychelles and that of the media. In his long career, he also held the portfolios for Education, Finance, Communications, Defence, Culture and Sports. James Michel was responsible for the democratization of the islands’ education system in the early 1980s. Today all Seychellois children have access to a minimum 13 years of non-fee paying education and equal opportunities to learning. A keen educationalist, President Michel was directly involved in the creation of the University of Seychelles.


 * Danny Faure **

He wishes to extend his heartfelt congratulations to UNESCO for organizing the first ever World Conference on Early Childhood Care and Education. He wants to promote the education of Seychelles in anyway possible. His ideas are a lot like the presidents, James Michel. He wants to give the best of effort to make the country better in anyway possible and plans to improve his ideas when maybe one day he takes office.

__Al-Shabaa__ Was involved in many school bombings and he has hurt Somalia from improving its education because they don’t get the chance to improve their education. Access to education in rural areas also gender plays a big role in quality of education provisions. Responsiveness to school curricula, the standards of education and control, management and planing capacity and lastly at financing. The Ministry of Education is responsible for the education of Somalia. They look over Somalias primary, secondary schools. About 15% the governments is given to the scholastic instruction. Higher education in Somalia is largely private.

Children's school life expectancy is usually about three years for males, and two years for females. Only 38% of children in Somalia can read and write by the age of 15, 50% of males and 26% of females are literate. Formal learning opportunities are limited and mostly unavailable for a vast majority of children in Somalia. Theirs have been a lot of increases in the number of operational schools also their has been a lot of improvements in the enrolment rate in Somalia. According to a survey report that their are 1,172 operating schools with an enrolment of 285,574 kids representing a 19.8% of gross enrolment ratio (GER). Somalia of the lowest primary enrolment rate rates in the world. 37% of people are females at the lower primary school levels.

In the colonial period British Somaliland pursued different educational policies. The British established an elementary education system during the military administration to train Somalias men for administrative posts and for positions not previously open to them. he number of students enrolled in the primary level increased each year, beginning in 1969-70, but particularly after 1975-76. In British Somaliland, the military administration appointed a British officer as leader of education in 1944.Until well after World War II, there was little demand for Western-style education. The existence of two languages English and Italian. The third language was Arabic posed problems for a uniform educational system and for literacy training at the elementary school level. They try to educate their kids in reading, writing, and arithmetic, the primary curriculum provided social studies courses using new textbooks that focused on Somali issues. For a higher eduction in Somalia you go to Somali National University in Mogadishu, founded in 1970. The government had claimed 60 percent literacy after the mass literacy campaign of the mid-1970s, but by early 1977 there were signs of relapse, particularly among nomads. They assumed that 80% of primary school graduates would go on to further education. Of these, 30% would attend four-year general secondary education, 17.5% either 3 or 4 year courses in technical education, and 52.5% vocational courses of one to two years' duration. Private education was closed in 1972, also all education put under the jurisdiction of the Central government.