Kelsey+I.+-+ALD+-+FA10

__Ethiopian Leaders: __  President: Girma Woldegiorgis  Prime Minister: Meles Zenawi

__Background info on the President: __  -Born in 1917 in Addis Ababa.  -Very experienced in the government  +elected president of the Parliament for three straight years  +deputy Commissioner of the Peace Programme in 1969 used to settle the Eritean problem.  -Started an environmental protection association called "Lem Ethiopia" in 1983  -Speaks Oromiffa, Amharic,Tigrigna, Italian, English and French.  -Been president since October 8, 2001.

__Girma Woldegiorgis' References: __  -Barrack Obama, representing the United States of America, stated the bilateral relations between the two countries would be strengthened in the economic development and in areas of securing peace and security in the Horn of Africa.  -Weles Zenawi, prime minister of Ethiopia, works in close relations with Girma and is given most of the power. -Abdoulie Janneh, UN Under-Secretary General and Executive Secretary of ECA, worked with Girma with the "Sixteen Days of Activism"

__Ethiopia Geography __ <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -Eastern Africa <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -Total of 1,104,300 square kilometers. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -27th largest country in the world. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -Borders Djibouti, Eritea, Kenya, Somalia, and Sudan. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -Lowest elevation of 125 meters. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -Highest elevation of 4,533 meters. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -Current environmental issues are deforestation, overgrazing, soil erosion, desertification, and water shortages in areas from water-intensive farming and areas with poor management. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -Natural resources such as gold, platinum, copper, potash, natural gas, and hydropower.

__<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The People: __ -Population of <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">85,237,338 people. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">-Ethnic groups including Oromo, Amara, Somalie, Tigraway, Sidama, Guragie, Welaita, Hadiya, Affar, Gamo, and Gedeo <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">-Religions including Orthodox, Muslim, Protestant, traditional, and Catholic. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">-Languages including Amarigna, Oromigna, Tigrigna, Somaligna, Guaragigna, Sidamigna, Hadiyigna, and English. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">-50.3% of males and 35.1% of females are literate. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">-A total school life expectancy of 8 years.

__<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Safety and Rule of Law: __ -suffering from a short of electricity and insufficient medical care. -scored 51.2 on the Heritage Foundation's index of economic freedom. -scored a 49.85 in the Safety and Rule of Law category on the Ibrahim Index.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">__Participation and Human Rights__: <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -Formed a treaty with Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda, and Tanzania that deals with their agreement to share the water from the Nile. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -Worked with "Sixteen Days of Activism" where solutions to gender violence and inequalities were assessed.

__<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Sustainable Economic Opportunity: __ <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -Revolves around agriculture <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -Relies on rainfall, which is unpredictable <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -One of Africa's poorest nations <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -Attempted to move more than 2 million people away from arid highlands of the east to try to find a solution to food shortages <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -Key export is coffee <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -One of fastest growing non-oil African economies <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -Poverty stricken. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -Agriculture sector has poor cultivation practices and suffers from drought. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -Accounts for 45% of GDP and 80% of employment. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -War with Eritea in 1998-2000 hurt the economy in coffee production. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -38.7% of population is below poverty line. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -Agricultural products are cereal, pulses, coffee, oilseed, cotton, sugarcane, potatoes, qat, cut flowers, cattle, sheep, goats, and fish.

__<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Human Development: __ <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -The capital, Addis Ababa, hosted a film festival intended to boost Africa's self image and identity. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -Has been providing Ethiopian Airlines that allow visitors to see more of their country, such as the monasteries of Lake Tana and the ancient ruins of Aksum. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -Life expectancy at birth for total population is 55.41 years. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -High risk for typhoid fever, malaria, meningococcal meningitis, and rabies.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Websites Used: <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> -http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/country_profiles/1072164.stm <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">-"New Nile water agreement a 'threat' to Egypt." Geographical 82.7 (July 2010): 14(1). Student Resource Center - Gold. Gale. Central York High School. 20 Sept. 2010 <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> http://find.galegroup.com/gps/start.do?prodId=IPS&userGroupName=pl7053

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">-"Ethiopia capital to host film festival." African Business May 2010: 8. Student Resource Center - Gold. Web. 20 Sept. 2010.
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">-Brownell, Ginanne. "The Sites Less Seen." Newsweek International 31 May 2010. Student Resource Center - Gold. Web. 20 Sept. 2010. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">-http://www.ethioembassy.org.uk/facts%20about%20ethiopia/biography%20ato%20girma%20wolde%20giorgis.htm <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">-https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/et.html <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">-http://www.ena.gov.et/EnglishNews/2009/May/28May09/88590.htm <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">-http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/16days/52578 <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">-http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girma_Wolde-Giorgis <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">-http://www.ethiomedia.com/adroit/3030.html <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">-http://www.u4.no/helpdesk/helpdesk/query.cfm?id=246 -http://www.moibrahimfoundation.org/en/mifindex/tablesByCountry