Josh+V.+-+ALD+-+FA11


 * Questions**
 * 1) Identify their character. (1 point)
 * 2) Identify the country which their character represents - with particular attention to the state's geography, economy, population, and social structure. (1 point)
 * 3) Identify the character's previous occupation and other pertinent background information. (3 points)
 * 4) Identify 3 references that reflect your character's ideas. (Basically, who supports your positions?) These references should be chose from among the list of debate participants. Should you use someone outside the list, please see me before you submit your resume. (3 points)
 * 5) How does your character measure against these four benchmarks set by the Mo Ibrahim Foundation:
 * 6) Safety and Rule of Law (4 points)
 * 7) Participation and Human Rights (4 points)
 * 8) Sustainable Economic Opportunity (4 points)
 * 9) Human Development (4 points)


 * Answers**
 * 1) Jacob Zuma, President
 * 2) Represents South Africa
 * 3) Geography: On the southern tip of Africa, with 2500 km of coastline and 1.2 million square km of space. The area mainly consists of forests, grassland, and savanna. Bordered by Atlantic and Indian Oceans.
 * 4) Economy: Middle income, many natural resources such as minerals. They have good transportation, energy, and financial systems, and more. Unemployment is still high (around 24.9%), and they still feel the effects of the Apartheid.
 * 5) Population: 49,004,031 people
 * 6) Social Structure: 93% of people have access to clean water. They are a republic.
 * 7) Previous Employment:
 * 8) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">He has been a part of the African National Congress (ANC) since 1959.
 * 9) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">When that was banned, he joined other groups, trying to overthrow the Apartheid government.
 * 10) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">He and 45 conspirators were caught in 1963 and spent 10 years in jail.
 * 11) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">After release, he was very important in the reestablishment of the ANC.
 * 12) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">He moved through many countries and eventually became a member of the National Executive Committee of the ANC in 1977.
 * 13) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">He was Deputy Chief Representative after that until 1984 After that, he became Chief Representative.
 * 14) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">He served on the Military Committee and Political Committee when formed in the 80s.
 * 15) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Became Head of Underground Structures, and soon after became Chief of Intelligence in 1987 in Zambia at the ANC Head Office.
 * 16) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">He was elected Chairperson of the Southern Natal in 1990 and Deputy-Security General in 1991.
 * 17) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Deployed to KwaZulu-Natal in 1994 to help bring peace and stability.
 * 18) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">In 1994, became Member of the Executive Committee of Economic Affairs and Tourism.
 * 19) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">In 1994, also elected National Chairperson of the ANC and Chairperson of the ANC in KZN province.
 * 20) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Became Executive Deputy President of the Republic of South Africa in 1999 (through 2005) and Leader of Government Business in the National Assembly.
 * 21) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">These people support Zuma’s position on government and politics:
 * 22) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The United States sent aid to the country and supports Zuma’s ideas and attempt to remove Apartheid. They are supportive of his motives.
 * 23) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Fifa supports South Africa; they had the World Cup there. They took a risk to have the World Cup there, in a developing continent, and gave the honor to South Africa in a show of their belief in the country, in part due to Zuma’s leadership.
 * 24) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Julius Malema is a politician and avid supporter of Zuma. He helped Zuma rise to power as president. He is currently President of the Youth League of the ANC. He and Zuma share much in common.
 * 25) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Mo Ibrahim Benchmarks: Total Index Score of 71, 5th highest country.
 * 26) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Safety and Rule of Law: Overall Score of 72
 * 27) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Overall very good. There is one area of concern: personal safety. War and unrest carried over from the Apartheid, and South Africa has been adjusting. Since 2010, the country has improved the measures taken to ensure people’s safety.
 * 28) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Rule of Law: The government is very well structured, after Zuma’s efforts. The government is in overall good standing with others and looks to be headed in the right direction.
 * 29) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Accountability and Corruption: Zuma has put plans in place to ensure that officials are held accountable for their actions. He plans to make sure that there is no corruption among these individuals.
 * 30) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">National Security: South Africa has a very good military, including a Navy, Air Force, and Medical Health Services. They also heavily promote peaceful negotiations, rather than fighting.
 * 31) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Participation and Human Rights: Overall Score of 73
 * 32) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Overall, there were no areas of concern here.
 * 33) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">After the Apartheid, equality has been prevalent in many new situations, causing South Africa to have fair gender laws.
 * 34) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Human rights are also very good after the end of the Apartheid. People now have a voice.
 * 35) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Participation is up; through democratic elections and such the people are willing to voice their opinions.
 * 36) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Sustainable Economic Opportunity: Overall Score of 65
 * 37) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">90% of visitors to the World Cup said they would consider returning; 96% recommended it to their friends.
 * 38) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Private Sector: South Africa has an active private sector who play an important role, such as with transportation.
 * 39) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Environment: There is an interest in renewable energy; solar and wind energy are being investigated as major energy sources in the future. The environment is, however, still recovering after the Apartheid.
 * 40) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Public Management: Zuma is working on controlling inflation and holding officials accountable. As of 2010, they had a slight (5.5% of GDP) deficit, but that is smaller than many other countries.
 * 41) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Very high rating, with one concern: infrastructure.
 * 42) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The infrastructure of South Africa is still reeling from the Apartheid. Zuma has put a lot of effort into rebounding it and improving the infrastructure, making much success.
 * 43) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The country experienced an electricity crisis recently, and much of its infrastructure has become outdated. The government is focusing on building a surplus to address these issues.
 * 44) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Africa does have one of the best transportation systems on the continent, and the private sector is very important to that.
 * 45) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The World Cup in 2010 caused South Africa to drastically improve their infrastructure for the games.
 * 46) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Human Development: Overall Score of 75
 * 47) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">There are no concerns in this category; both health and welfare and education are ranked highly.
 * 48) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Zuma has said that during his tenure, they have restructured departments and put in place an aggressive ten-point plan for both education and health and welfare. They are focusing strongly on these areas, especially in rural locations.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Works Cited <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">CIA. "CIA - The World Factbook." CIA - The World Factbook. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Sept. 2011. <https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sf.html>.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Peck, Brooks. "2010 World Cup didn't make nearly enough money for South Africa - Dirty Tackle - World SoccerÂ Blog - Yahoo! Sports." Yahoo! Sports - Sports News, Scores, Rumors, Fantasy Games, and more. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Sept. 2011. <http://sports.yahoo.com/soccer/blog/dirty-tackle/post/2010-World-Cup-didn-t-make-nearly-enough-money-f?urn=sow-292352>.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Rosmarin, Ike, and Dee Rissik. South Africa. 2nd ed. New York: Benchmark Books, 2004. Print.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">SAinfo Reporter. "South Africa's official gateway - investment, travel, country information - SouthAfrica.info." South Africa's official gateway - investment, travel, country information - SouthAfrica.info. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Sept. 2011. <http://www.southafrica.info/>.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">South African Government. "South Africa Government Online." South Africa Government Online. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Sept. 2011. <http://www.gov.za/>.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">*Zuma, Jacob. Interview by William Wallis. Financial Times 24 Feb. 2010: N.p.. Print.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">*Denotes Primary Source